DC motor refers to a rotating motor that converts DC electrical energy into mechanical energy (DC motor) or converts mechanical energy into DC electrical energy (DC generator). It is a motor that can convert DC electrical energy and mechanical energy into each other. When it operates as a motor, it is a DC motor that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy; When the generator is running, it is a DC generator that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy.
A DC motor consists of a stator and a rotor, with certain gaps between them.
The stator of a DC motor consists of components such as the frame, main magnetic pole, steering magnetic pole, front and rear end caps, and brush holder. In this structure, the main magnetic pole is the main component that generates the air gap magnetic field of the DC motor, which is composed of a permanent magnet or a laminated iron core with a DC excitation coil.
The rotor of a DC motor is composed of components such as an armature, a commutator (also known as a commutator), and a shaft. The armature consists of two parts: the armature core and the armature winding. The armature core is made of silicon steel sheets stacked together, with teeth and slots evenly distributed at its outer circle, and the armature winding is embedded in these slots.
A rectifier is a mechanical rectifier component. After stacking the reversing plates into a cylindrical shape, they form a metal clip or plastic molded body. Each reversing piece is insulated from each other. The quality of rectifiers has a significant impact on their operational reliability.
The structure of a DC motor should consist of a stator and a rotor. The stationary part of a DC motor during operation is called the stator, which is mainly used to generate a magnetic field. It is composed of the frame, main magnetic pole, reversing pole, end cover, bearings, and brush device. The rotating part during operation is called the rotor, whose main function is to generate electromagnetic torque and induced electromotive force, and is the hub for energy conversion in DC motors. Therefore, it is also commonly referred to as the armature, which is composed of a shaft, armature iron core, armature coil, commutator, and fan.